
- CollegeLondon College of Communication
- CourseMA Graphic Media Design
- Graduation year2024
Echoes of childhood: As dreams fade behind the fences
Early adventure playgrounds emphasized children's self-governance and participation. Designed to allow for independent exploration and creativity, these spaces encouraged children to set their own play rules, choose materials, and engage in the design and maintenance of the playground with minimal adult intervention. However, increasing adult’s concerns about children have transformed these playgrounds into a heterotopia, where multiple contradictory considerations are imposed into the creation and governance of these playgrounds. This publication will analyse changes across four adventure playgrounds in London. By examining these physical transformations, I aim to uncover the social and cultural shifts in adult attitudes toward children that drive this evolution.
- Heterotopia
Heterotopia is a concept elaborated by philosopher Michel Foucault to describe certain cultural, institutional and discursive spaces that are somehow "other": disturbing, intense, incompatible, contradictory or transforming.
Final work

Echoes of childhood: As dreams fade behind the fences
This book explores the changing design of adventure playgrounds in the London area, from the 1930s to the present day. It reveals the gradual evolution of playgrounds from open spaces of free exploration to controlled and structured environments. Drawing on sociologist Foucault's theory of heterotopia, the book explains how these playgrounds were not only a place for children to play freely, but also a space of contradictions - one that gradually limited children's autonomy and right to explore while providing fun. Using adventure playgrounds in different parts of London as case studies, this book explores how these places have evolved from free spaces supporting children's adventures to highly structured, adult-dominated environments by comparing historical and contemporary design in the context of social change.


Research and process
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